War Is Good or Bad for the Economics Essay Example for Free

War Is Good or Bad for the Economics Essay Consider the following in your answer: 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of war financing? 2. What are the costs imposed on the economy by engaging in war? 3. Provide an example from US History; analyze the effects on economic institutions in the long run after a war. 1. In war, there are various economic benefits. First, all economic resources are being used, both goods and services. The unemployment rate hits the floor and there are goods being manufactured faster and more. Thus, this boosts GDP and increases the AS curve, due to the mass production of the goods. There may be the disadvantages of too small of a workforce, or after the war is done, coming back to the previous economic state may be difficult. 2. The population may fall, as wars take a toll on that factor. Also, to support the massive cost of the war, the government may have to take loans from other countries leading to a deficit. If the country loses the war, then there may be further financial repercussions, as we saw with Germany in the World Wars. 3. The second World War is the foremost example of such an economic turn. Stuck in the Depression, Americans needed a way to exonerate themselves from the suffering and poverty, and couldn’t find it. With the second world war and the need for goods and services, employment rose, as did spending, kickstarting the economy and getting it rolling again. This is a major example of an economic state being changed positively due to the war.

An Examination of The Meditations, by Descartes :: The Meditations Essays

Descartes overall objective in The Meditations is to question knowledge. To explore such metaphysical issues as the existence of God and the separation of mind and body, it was important for him to distinguish what we can know as truth. He believed that reason as opposed to experience was the source for discovering what is of absolute certainty. In my explication, I will examine meditation two in order to discover why knowledge was so important to Descartes. Meditation One The first meditation acts as a foundation for all those that follow. Here Descartes discerns between mere opinion and strict absolute certainty. To make this consideration he establishes that he must first "attack those principles which supported everything I once believed."(quote, paraphrase) He first examines those beliefs that require our senses. He questions, whether our senses are true indicators of what they represent. By inspecting our sometimes firm belief in the reality of dreams, he comes to the conclusion that our senses are prone to error and thereby cannot reliably distinguish between certainty and falsity. To examine those ideas that have "objective reality," Descartes makes the improbable hypothesis of "an evil genius, as clever and deceitful as he is powerful, who has directed his entire effort to misleading me" (45 ). By proposing this solution he is able to suspend his judgment and maintain that all his former beliefs are false. By using doubt as his tool, Descartes is now ready to build his following proofs with certainty. Meditation Two Comparing his task to that of Archimedes, Descartes embarks on his journey of truth. Attempting to affirm the idea that God must exist as a fabricator for his ideas, he stumbles on his first validity: the notion that he (Descartes) exists. He ascertains that if he can both persuade himself of something, and likewise be deceived of something, then surely he must exist. This self validating statement is known as the Cogito Argument. Simply put it implies whatever thinks exists. Having established this, Descartes asks himself: What is this I which "necessarily exists"? Descartes now begins to explore his inner consciousness to find the essence of his being. He disputes that he is a "rational animal" for this idea is difficult to understand. He scrutinizes whether perhaps he is a body infused with a soul but this idea is dismissed since he cannot be certain of concepts that are of the material world.

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The Eisenhower Era Korean Armistice 1 952; Eisenhower vaulted Korea shortly after winning the presidency; waited 7 months before resorting to nuclear warfare; Koreans compromised until 38th parallel Army-McCarthy Hearings 1954; McCarthy attacked the Army as Communist; Army attacked him on television for 35 days; McCarthy downfall Jim Crow Segregated blacks from whites Emmett Till 14 year old black who vacationed in Mississippi, allegedly whistled at a white woman (Carolyn Bryant was subsequently beaten, abused, and murdered then tied to a cotton glen and thrown Into a river Montgomery Bus BoycottAfter Rosa Parks is arrested, MILK rallies the black community to do this. This seriously hurt the bus companies. This lasted more than a year, and ended in 56 when the SC declared segregated buses unconstitutional. Brown v. Board of Education 1951 ; (SC) Marshall argues, wins this one. Unanimous vote under the Earl Warren court that â€Å"separate but equal† is a false doctrine.Little Rock Central High School 1957; 9 black students trying to go to school needed to be defended by federal troops Southern Christian Leadership Conference MILK and nearly 100 other black ministers form this organization in 1957 to encourage nonviolent protest to provoke segregationists and win support from moderate southern whites.Although it got more blacks to support the movement, it failed to spark controversy or get white sympathy Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee Created by sit-ins; lack of patience resulted in their downfall Interstate Highway Act of 1 956 1 956; more effective; Jobs and benefits (trucking, gasoline, automobile); deprived passenger trains, decreased air quality, robbed downtowns of business due to shopping outlets First Secretary of the Soviet Union- â€Å"premier†- was in attempts to negotiate towards conciliation with Eisenhower but 13-2 scandal made such attempts void Geneva Conference After Vietnam fell to Nationalists; split Vietnam at the 1 7th parallel; elections 2 years later to Join them 1955; Eisenhower & Khrushchev; â€Å"Open Skies†; Khrushchev thought it was an American ply for Dulles and rejected the idea Battle of Dine Been PH 1954; French corned Indochina; French asked for American support; America not involved Warsaw Pact 1955; Soviet Union reacted to Anta's addition of West Germany, protecting its Communist satellites Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 960; control petroleum exports; controlled Western countries Sputnik 1957; Soviets; Part I small, PART II dog displaying Soviet superiority; provided Communism with credential; maybe intercontinental ballistic missiles; created missile gap, NASA, and ENDED National Defense and Education Act 1958; increase education to compete with the Soviets; million in form of scholarships U-2 Spy plane incident The incident when an American U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. The U. S. Denied the true purpose of the plane at first, but was forced to when the U. S. S. R. Reduced the living pilot and the largely intact plane to validate their claim of being spied on aerially. The incident worsened East-West relations during the Cold War and was a great embarrassment for the United States.Fidel Castro usurped power from Batista regime by guerilla warfare, US unable to execute effective coup, became military dictator Betty Friedman Feminists who published the Feminine Mystique 1963; modern women's rights movement to break away from suburban housewife life and to deal with struggles due to sexism United States rock singer whose many hit records and flamboyant style greatly influenced American popular music (1935-1977) Chapter 39: The Stormy Sixties John F. Kennedy The thirty-fifth United States President who represented the state of Massachusetts in the U. S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat, and in the U. S. Senate from 1953 until 1961.Events during his administration include the Bay of Pigs Invasi on, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Space Race, the American Civil Rights Movement and early events of the Vietnam War. He was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald. â€Å"New Frontier† The campaign program advocated by JEFF in the 1960 election. He promised to revivalist the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights. Berlin Wall In 1961, the Soviet Union built a high barrier to seal off their sector of Berlin in order to stop the flow of refugees out of the Soviet zone of Germany. The wall was torn down in 1989. Massive Retaliation† Dulles; nuclear bombs â€Å"Flexible Response† the buildup of conventional troops and weapons to allow a nation to fight a limited war without using nuclear weapons Bay of Pigs In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U. S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure. Cuban Missile Crisis the 1962 confrontation between US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba Freedom Riders Both black and white Americans that took to riding public transportation in the deep south to demand that the Boonton v. Virginia verdict be upheld. This resulted in many busses being attacked held in 1963 to show support for the Civil Rights Bill in Congress.Martin Luther King gave his famous â€Å"l have a dream†¦ † Speech. 250,000 people attended the rally Civil Rights Act of 1964 This act made racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers illegal and gave the government the power to enforce all laws governing civil rights, including desegregation of schools and public places. â€Å"Great Society' President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including M edicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education. ‘War on Poverty† Waged by Johnny's Great Society programs that presented a classic liberal platform. Civil and voting rights acts – Public school funding?when the rich moved to the suburbs all the poverty and squalor remained in the cities, destroying the tax base which of course had negative effects on public education – Medicare and Medicaid – National endowment for arts and humanities (PBS) – Clean air and water quality acts – Endangered species preservation act (1966) Affirmative Action policies of the government aimed at increasing access to Jobs, schooling, and opportunities to people previously discriminated against†¦ Bake vs.. Board of Regents Gulf of Tontine Resolution Congress gave up its war making powers to the President in this resolution which Johnson himself called â€Å"Grandma's night shirt, a tool to cover everything. Medicare -available to all elde rly Americans regardless of need -form of federal welfare assistance -assisted medical community because the fed paved all fees Medicaid extended federal medical assistance to welfare recipients and other indigent people of all ages Voting Rights Act of 1965 outlawed discrimination in the rental or purchase of homes and a broad range of other housing related transactions Passed when LB] was president, outlawed poll taxes. Freedom Summer 1964; Blacks and whites going to polling places to ensure that the law is being enforced and blacks do have the right to vote. This resulted in much violence in the south including murders, battery, etc. Malcolm X spread ideas of black nationalism. Disagreed w/ both the tactics and goals of the early civil rights movement. Minister of the nation of SIAM. Rejected his original name because it was his family's slave name Systoles Carmichael Founder of â€Å"Black Power† â€Å"Black Power† the belief that blacks should fight back if attack ed. T urged blacks to achieve economic independence by starting and supporting their own business. Domino Theory the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control opposed the Vietnam War and believed the United States should withdraw its forces from Vietnam. Hawks supported U. S. Involvement in the Vietnam War and believed America should increase military force to win the war.Et Offensive Et: the first day of the Vietnamese New Year -communist forces launched an enormous attack on American strongholds through- UT Vietnam -one of the first televised battles, revealed brutality of war, great effect on election of 1968 -Walter Coronate -Democrats Criticizing Johnson Chicago Democratic Convention 1968 -Tons of protesting and violence -Humphrey received nomination Counterculture Drugs are generally harmless social relaxants and as for sex, if it feels good, do it. Students for a Democratic Society Student group opposed to militarism and racism; called for â€Å"participatory democracy. † George Wallace Once governor of Alabama, a segregationist that ran as the candidate of the American Independent Party in 1968 and won five states in the South.

Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail

Martin Luther King, Jr’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was written during 1963, when African Americans were fighting for black and white equality. During the civil rights movement Martin Luther King Jr fought triumphantly for African Americans and their freedom. He was often subjected to imprisonment from those who opposed the purpose of the civil rights movement. Martin Luther king Jr took a lot of time to write and document his thoughts about how his people were being treated. â€Å"Letter to Birmingham† documented king’s experience while attending the protest in Birmingham Alabama. Here we’ll explore king’s thoughts and how he was able to inform his people of the injustice in Birmingham. The purpose of king’s letter was to respond to the†¦show more content†¦I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be concerned about what happens in Birmingham. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an in escapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly.† – King uses words such as â€Å"interrelatedness,† â€Å"mutuality,† and â€Å"community† to garner an emotional response. Another way he uses pathos is when he stated, â€Å"We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed. Frankly, I have yet to engage in a direct action campaign that was â€Å"well timed† in the view of those who have not suffered unduly from the disease of segregation. For years now I have heard the word â€Å"Wait!† It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity. This â€Å"Wait† has almost always meant â€Å"Never.† We must come to see, with one of our distinguished jurists, that â€Å"justice too long delayed is justice denied.† – King establishes an emotional appeal by expressing how he and his community have been asked to â€Å"Wait!† over and over again. It wears on their patience. He is asking his audience to understand this injustice and to be sympathetic. King begins to use logos when he stated, â€Å"In any nonviolent campaign there are four basic steps: collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self-purification; and direct action.† – MLK showsShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From A Birmingham Jail1157 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† is directed towards the clergymen, although America is his audience, King had come to Birmingham to address the segregation problem in the United States. He refuses to stay silent, even though people told him to wait for the change to happen. King is a part of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference that has many organizations across the South. He felt that he has a right to be in Birmingham because his organizations have connections withRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail934 Words   |  4 PagesIn Martin Luther King Jr.’s , â€Å" Letter from Birmingham Jail†, King responds to the judgments of a group of clergymen , after King s arrest, by writing a letter explaining why the clergymen s judgments were wrong. In his letter, king brings very reasonable and valid points that challenge the judgments of the ministers. The main arguments that king makes would be the reason of his existence in Birmingham, white power structure and its racial injustice, and finally why negotiation has brought up impatienceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1223 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.’s, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† emphasizes the need for civil disobedience when faced with unjust laws. This idea contradicts Socrates’ claim made in Crito, that one must follow the law under all circumstances. In this paper, I will argue that Socrates is not a proponent of civil disobedience based on King’s definition of civil disobedience and Socrates’ charges. Moreover, I will argue that both Socrates and King disagree with one a nother based on the concept of civilRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail1665 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween these two are most evident in their desire for freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted freedom from segregation and Plato wanted freedom from ignorance. They both wanted justice, and knew that it was immoral to take deny another being justice. For example, Plato has said, â€Å"†¦ Injustice is always an evil and dishonor to him who acts unjustly.† This is similar to what Martin Luther King Jr has also stated in â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†, â€Å"We have a moral responsibility to disobey any law that conflictsRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail1726 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. His comparison would seem to indicate that he shares an affinity with them. However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. Just as Kant’s magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, soRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail890 Words   |  4 PagesFrom 1882-1968, 4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States (NAACP). African Americans accounted for 72.2% of recorded lynchings, yet close to none of these lynchings were ever brought justice. Racial injustice was a huge issue until the mid-l ate twentieth century, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was one of the first documents to address the issue. It is one of history’s most important documents regarding racial injustice, as it is considered a classic documentRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesPower Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racialRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail986 Words   |  4 Pages and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail are two important pieces of history. In Lincoln’s speech he speaks about the dangers of slavery in the United States and warned everybody that people who disrespected American laws could destroy the United States. On the other hand, Martin Luther King Jr. defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, and argued that people have a mora l responsibility to break unjust laws. Based on these facts, Martin Luther King Jr does notRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail962 Words   |  4 Pagesintangible, it is still necessary. Some forms of inspiration come as passionate love while others appeal as injustice. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen. His inspiration for writing the letter was the clergymens unjust proposals and the letter allowed him to present his rebuttal. Martin Luther King Jr. effectively crafted his counter argument by first directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, and then using logos Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail The similarities between these two are most evident in their desire for freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted freedom from segregation and Plato wanted freedom from ignorance. They both wanted justice, and knew that it was immoral to take deny another being justice. For example, Plato has said, â€Å"†¦ Injustice is always an evil and dishonor to him who acts unjustly.† This is similar to what Martin Luther King Jr has also stated in â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†, â€Å"We have a moral responsibility to disobey any law that conflicts with the law of god.† (Paragraph 16) Both Plato and King followed similar philosophies, following the laws of nature and god. Not only were they similar in their morals and philosophical tendencies, but â€Å"Allegory of†¦show more content†¦One who claims any gender other than male or female would be considered taboo or highly unusual by our society. Biological sex is often thought to determine one’s gender identity. Though sex and gender align for the mass of our population, there is a minority group that does not feel that they belong to either male or female genders. To understand gender fluidity, one must recognize that sometimes a person’s gender and sex do not align. A person may not feel that their biological sex reflects who they are, they may feel uncomfortable with the expectations and roles placed on them due to their sex. These gender roles are created by social expectations of our western society. Gender roles are merely social constructs, and if one does not want to conform to soci eties conjectures placed on them due to their biological sex, they should have the freedom to non-conform. We must protest and express our discontent with society in order to make a change. Martin Luther King Jr. carefully and patiently explained his philosophy and what he wanted from the masses. He wanted support and for everyone to understand his plan and what he wanted to get out of the protests. This can be applied to the contemporary issue of opposing gender fluidity by comparing the issues and what should be done about them. If gender advocates followed in the footsteps of Martin Luther King Jr. and work with the delicacy that King did, we would beShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From A Birmingham Jail1157 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† is directed towards the clergymen, although America is his audience, King had come to Birmingham to address the segregation problem in the United States. He refuses to stay silent, even though people told him to wait for the change to happen. King is a part of the South ern Christian Leadership Conference that has many organizations across the South. He felt that he has a right to be in Birmingham because his organizations have connections withRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail934 Words   |  4 PagesIn Martin Luther King Jr.’s , â€Å" Letter from Birmingham Jail†, King responds to the judgments of a group of clergymen , after King s arrest, by writing a letter explaining why the clergymen s judgments were wrong. In his letter, king brings very reasonable and valid points that challenge the judgments of the ministers. The main arguments that king makes would be the reason of his existence in Birmingham, white power structure and its racial injustice, and finally why negotiation has brought up impatienceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1223 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.’s, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† emphasizes the need for civil disobedienc e when faced with unjust laws. This idea contradicts Socrates’ claim made in Crito, that one must follow the law under all circumstances. In this paper, I will argue that Socrates is not a proponent of civil disobedience based on King’s definition of civil disobedience and Socrates’ charges. Moreover, I will argue that both Socrates and King disagree with one another based on the concept of civilRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail1726 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. His comparison would seem to indicate that he shares an affinity with them. However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. Just as Kant’s magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, soRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail890 Words   |  4 PagesFrom 1882-1968, 4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States (NAACP). African Americans accounted for 72.2% of recorded lynchings, yet close to none of these lynchings were ever brought justice. Racial injustice was a huge issue until the mid-late twentieth century, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was one of the first documents to address the issue. It is one of history’s most important documents regarding racial injustice, as it is considered a classic documentRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesPower Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racialRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail986 Words   |  4 Pages and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail are two important pieces of history. In Lincoln’s speech he speaks about the dangers of slavery in the United States and warned everybody that people who disrespected American laws could destroy the United States. On the other hand, Martin Luther King Jr. defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, and argued that people have a mora l responsibility to break unjust laws. Based on these facts, Martin Luther King Jr does notRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail962 Words   |  4 Pagesintangible, it is still necessary. Some forms of inspiration come as passionate love while others appeal as injustice. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen. His inspiration for writing the letter was the clergymens unjust proposals and the letter allowed him to present his rebuttal. Martin Luther King Jr. effectively crafted his counter argument by first directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, and then using logosRead More Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther King Jr. writes the Clergymen that have written him a letter disputing his actions in Birmingham. King is disturbed and offended by the Clergymen disagreeing with his purpose in Birmingham. King say he normally does not respond to criticism because it would waste to much precious time, but since these were men of good will he wanted to give his answers to their statements. In Kings letter he appeals to many emotions as